Description

Function

• Energy Production: Riboflavin plays a crucial role in the production of energy in the body. It is a component of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These coenzymes are involved in the electron transport chain, a series of reactions that take place in the mitochondria of cells. The electron transport chain is responsible for generating ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy – carrying molecule in cells. For example, during the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, the energy – releasing reactions depend on the presence of these coenzymes containing riboflavin to transfer electrons and facilitate the production of ATP.
• Antioxidant Function: Vitamin B2 helps protect cells from oxidative damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to aging and various diseases. Riboflavin – dependent enzymes are involved in the body’s antioxidant defense system. They help to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. For instance, in the liver, these enzymes can detoxify harmful substances and prevent damage to liver cells caused by oxidative stress.
• Support for the Mucous Membranes: It is important for the health of mucous membranes throughout the body. Mucous membranes are found in the mouth, digestive tract, respiratory tract, and other areas. Riboflavin helps maintain the integrity of these membranes, which is essential for proper functioning. For example, in the mouth, it helps to keep the oral mucosa healthy, preventing conditions such as angular cheilitis (inflammation and cracking at the corners of the mouth) that can occur due to riboflavin deficiency.
• Skin and Eye Health: Riboflavin is involved in maintaining healthy skin and eyes. In the skin, it helps in the production of collagen, a protein that provides structure and elasticity to the skin. It also helps to prevent skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis. For the eyes, it is necessary for the proper functioning of the retina. A deficiency in riboflavin can lead to eye problems like cataracts and blurred vision.

Application

• Food Industry: It is used as a food colorant due to its yellow – orange color. For example, in some dairy products, it can be added to enhance the natural yellow color of cheese or butter. In the fortification of foods, riboflavin is often added to cereals, bread, and other grain products to increase their nutritional value. This is especially important in populations where there is a risk of riboflavin deficiency due to poor dietary intake.
• Pharmaceutical Industry: In the field of pharmaceuticals, it is used as a component in multivitamin supplements. These supplements are taken by people to ensure they are getting adequate amounts of essential vitamins, including riboflavin, to meet their daily requirements. It is also used in the treatment of certain medical conditions. For example, in cases of riboflavin deficiency – related diseases such as ariboflavinosis, which is characterized by symptoms like sore throat, cheilitis, and glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), riboflavin supplements are prescribed to correct the deficiency and alleviate symptoms.
• Cosmetic Industry: In cosmetics, it can be found in some skin – care products. It is used for its potential benefits in promoting skin health. For instance, in some anti – aging creams, riboflavin may be included to help support the skin’s natural collagen production and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.