Description

Functions​

Coenzyme Activity: Biotin acts as a coenzyme for carboxylation reactions, which are essential for several key metabolic pathways. It is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, where it helps to add carbon dioxide to molecules, facilitating the formation of long-chain fatty acids. This process is crucial for energy storage and the production of hormones.​

Glucose Metabolism: Biotin plays a role in glucose metabolism by assisting in the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, a key step in the citric acid cycle. This cycle is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. By regulating glucose metabolism, biotin helps to maintain stable blood sugar levels.​

Amino Acid Catabolism: It is also involved in the catabolism of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Biotin helps to break down amino acids into smaller molecules that can be used for energy production or further metabolism. This process is essential for maintaining a healthy balance of amino acids in the body.​

Hair, Skin, and Nail Health: Biotin is well-known for its role in promoting healthy hair, skin, and nails. It supports the production of keratin, a protein that makes up the structure of hair, skin, and nails. Adequate biotin intake can help to strengthen hair, prevent hair loss, improve skin texture, and promote nail growth.​

Nervous System Function: Biotin is required for the proper functioning of the nervous system. It plays a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells. By supporting neurotransmitter synthesis, biotin helps to maintain normal nerve function and cognitive health.​

Applications​

Nutraceuticals: In the nutraceutical industry, biotin is widely used in dietary supplements. It is often included in hair, skin, and nail supplements due to its reputation for promoting healthy appearance. Additionally, it is used in metabolic support supplements to help regulate blood sugar levels and improve energy metabolism. Biotin supplements are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid drops.​

Animal Feed: Biotin is an essential nutrient for animals as well. It is added to pet food and livestock feed to prevent biotin deficiency, which can lead to poor growth, skin problems, and reduced reproductive performance. In poultry, biotin is important for the development of strong eggshells, while in swine, it helps to improve feed efficiency and overall health.​

Cosmetics: In the cosmetics industry, biotin is included in hair care products to strengthen follicles and promote hair growth. It is often found in shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments. Additionally, it is used in skin care products for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties. Biotin helps to improve skin elasticity and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.​

Research and Biotechnology: Biotin is also used in research and biotechnology applications. It is commonly used as a label in molecular biology techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and immunofluorescence. Biotin-labeled probes or antibodies can be detected using streptavidin or avidin, which have a high affinity for biotin, allowing for the specific detection and analysis of target molecules.