Description

Function

• DNA Synthesis and Cell Division: Folic acid is crucial for the synthesis and repair of DNA, as well as for cell division and growth. This is particularly important during periods of rapid cell division, such as pregnancy and fetal development.
• Red Blood Cell Production: It helps in the production of red blood cells, preventing folate-deficiency anemia. This type of anemia is characterized by unusually large, structurally abnormal red blood cells that do not function properly.
• Neural Tube Development: Folic acid is vital for the proper closure of the neural tube in developing fetuses, reducing the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
• Homocysteine Regulation: Folic acid works with vitamins B6 and B12 to control high levels of homocysteine in the blood, which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
• Potential Cancer Prevention: Some research suggests that folate may play a role in suppressing some types of early cancer, though high doses of folic acid may have different effects.

Application

• Food Industry: Folic acid is added to fortified foods such as cereals, flour, breads, and pastas to prevent folate deficiency. It is also used in infant milk powder to support healthy development.
• Supplements: Folic acid supplements are commonly used to treat or prevent folate deficiency anemia. They are also recommended for pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant to reduce the risk of birth defects.
• Pharmaceuticals: Folic acid is used to reduce the side effects of methotrexate, a drug used to treat conditions such as severe arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and psoriasis.
• Health Benefits: Folic acid may support mood and cognitive function, and ongoing research is exploring its potential benefits in reducing the risk of certain cancers and other health conditions.